May 14, 20 objective for determination of specific gravity of soil solids by pycnometer method. Introduction specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the mass of a given volume of the bituminous material to the mass of an equal volume of water, the temperature of both being specified as 270c. Determination of specific gravity of soil solids by. The bulk specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate, including the permeable and impermeable voids in the particles, to the weight of an equal volume of water kandhal et al. An agency may specify this method as an alternative to t 275. The specific gravity can be measured using either pycnometer or preparing a cube specimen of bitumen in semi solid or solid state. The specific gravity can tell us, based on its value, if the object will sink or float in our.
To determine the specific gravity of semisolid bitumen road tars, creosote and anthracene oil as per is. Assessment of specific gravity of a specified sample of bitumen apparatus. Various lab tests on bitumen for pavement construction. Determining specific gravity of bitumen civil engineering portal. Apparatus specific gravity bottle of 50 ml capacity, ordinary capillary type with 6 mm diameter neck or wide mouthed. It composes 87% carbon, 11% hydrogen and 2% oxygen by weight.
Dec 27, 2019 the specific gravity of soil solids is defined as the weight of soil solids to the weight of an equal volume of water. Dec 22, 2016 laboratory test procedure for determining bulk specific gravity of superpave gyratory compacted specimens duration. If the specific gravity of the material is less than 1, then that material floats in water. Molecular weight and specific gravity distribution data are required for characterizing oils containing complex mixtures, and this characterization information is very essential for the computation of thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. Ele international hubbardcarmick specific gravity bottle. Various tests on bitumen to access its properties civil. Bitumen is a highly viscous, complex hydrocarbon, classified as an extra heavy oil. The specific gravity of bitumen is defined as the ratio of mass of given volume of bitumen of known content to the mass of equal volume of water at 27 c. Then proceed the below procedure steps to find out specific gravity of bitumen. This method should be used with samples that contain open or interconnecting voids andor absorb more than 2 percent of water by volume, as determined by t 166. The aggregates, mineral fillers, bitumen asphalt cement, tar cement, or emulsified asphalt as appropriateand bituminous pavi products shall d33515 sampled, and undergo sieve analysis and other forms of test methods as appropriate asym extracting bitumen content, specific gravity, plasticity index, astm d x astm d particles, recovery of. Disclosed are waterproofing membranes consisting of a backing impregnated with a bituminous formulation comprising industrial bitumen, a mineral filler, a thermoplastic polymer or a mixture of thermoplastic polymers, characterized in that the mineral filler consists of hollow glass microspheres with a density of between 0. Specific gravity specific gravity of bitumen the specific gravity of semisolid bituminous material, asphalt cements, and soft tar pitches shall be expressed as the ratio of the mass of a given volume of the material at 25 c to that of an equal volume of water at the same. Specific gravity calculations of specific gravity api specific gravity chart aggregate specific gravity test specific gravity test of bitumen at what temperature t0 does the specific heat of the free electrons become larger than the specific at what temperature t0 does the specific heat of the free electrons become larger than the specific the.
Prepare the trial specimens with varying asphalt contents. Various laboratory tests on bitumen is conducted to check quality and different properties of bitumen for pavement construction. It is the ratio of mass of a given volume of bitumen to the mass of an equal volume of water, both taken at a recordedspecified temperature. Laboratory test procedure for determining bulk specific gravity of superpave gyratory compacted specimens duration. What is the specific gravity of bitumen and what are the. Voidsinmineralaggregate an overview sciencedirect topics.
The apparatus needed to determine specific gravity of bitumen is. The specific gravity of soil solids is defined as the weight of soil solids to the weight of an equal volume of water. Apr 30, 2017 specific gravity of bituminous material is defined as ratio of mass of given volume of substance to the equal volume of water, temperature of both being 27c. The specific gravity of pure bitumen ranges from 0. Speight phd, dsc, in asphalt materials science and technology, 2016. Improvement of modified bitumen using low density polyethylene. Oxidized bitumen r 1020,r8525,r8540,r 11515,emulsion bitumen astm d244 suppliers in singapore. So if the specific gravity of any substance is known to us we can use the materials in suitable place of any work. To get data sheet of bitumen 6070 and more details on packing and delivery,please visit. Us20100317773a1 waterproofing membranes with a specific. This is preceded by the dry mix design discussed in the previous chapter. Determination of the specific gravity of micro quantities of. Specific gravity of bituminous material is known as the proportion of mass of specified capacity of substance to the equivalent volume of water, temperature of both of them approximating 27 degree celsius. Test results showed that the specific gravity for the bitumen sampleswas 1.
Specific gravity of cement or desnsity of cement le. The specific gravity of bitumen 4050, 6070 and bitumen 8000 varies from 0. Some deleterious particles are lighter than the good aggregates. Pdf physical properties of agbabu and yegbata bitumen in. Pure bitumen has an api gravity of about 8, and is almost solid at room temperatures. This method covers the determination of bulk specific gravity of specimens of compacted asphalt mixtures as defined in e 1547. The specific gravity is the ratio between the density of an object, and a reference substance. Ct 330 september 1, 2017 pdf method of test for residue by evaporation of nonmodified asphaltic.
Bitumen is a nonfuel products and has many classes 80100 grade 50 70 grade 6070 grade 85100 grade. Alberta bitumen also contains about 4 to 5% sulphur, with trace concentrations of heavy metals, particularly nickel and vanadium. We calculate specific gravity to know the behaviour of the material in water. Increase in aromatic type mineral impurities cause an increase in specific gravity. This test is done to determine the specific gravity of semisolid bitumen road tars, creosote and anthracene oil as per is. Astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen. Determine the specific gravity of the aggregate combination and asphalt cement. Calculate the percentage of voids, and percent voids filled with bitumen in each specimen. This manual covers all tests which are needed to be carried out at site or regional laboratories. Method of test for theoretical maximum specific gravity and density of hot mix asphalt. The specific gravity of semisolid bituminous material, asphalt cements, and soft tar pitches shall be expressed as.
Specific gravity is defined as the ratio of weight of aggregate to the weight of equal volume of water. Each tons of asphalt needed 70kg bitumen and the rest is aggregates. The specific gravity of an aggregate is considered to be a measure of strength or quality of the material. Procedure for bitumen specific gravity the specific gravity bottle along with the stopper is cleaned, dried and weighed the weight a. Determine the specific gravity of each compacted specimen. Bitumen is a black or brown mixture of hydrocarbons obtained by partial distillation of crude petroleum.
Aashto tp 6904 free download asme icc csa astm codes. This test method covers the determination of the specific gravity of soil solids that pass 4. Specific gravity is also used in identification of the source of bitumen binder. Bitumen and tar product sectional committee, bcdc 2. Pdf improvement of modified bitumen using low density. Every material has its own specific gravity, and it usually ranges between 0. Density specific gravity specific gravity is defined by astm d4439 from volume 04. If bitumen contains a mineral impurities the specific gravity will be higher, this makes it possible for a quantitative. What is the specific gravity of bitumen various petroleum products with specific gravity different pitch. The specific gravity bottle is filled with freshly boiled distilled water and the stopper is inserted firmly. Standard test method for theoretical maximum speci.
Specific gravity of a material is defined as the ratio. California test methods version selection caltrans. Us8030394b2 waterproofing membranes with a specific gravity. The specific gravity can be measured using either pycnometer or preparing a cube specimen of bitumen in semisolid or solid state. If the material has a specific gravity greater than. Ct 309 june 1, 2004 pdf method of test for theoretical maximum specific gravity and density of bituminous paving mixtures. The specific gravity of bitumen is defined as the ratio of mass of given volume of bitumen of known content to the mass of equal volume of water at 27 0 c. The density of bitumen 4050, 6070 and bitumen 80100 is greatly influenced by its chemical composition. The mix design wetmix determines the optimum bitumen content. Specific gravity, density, voids, absorption and bulking mechanical properties soundness measuring mortar making properties of fine aggregate alkali aggregate reactivity petrographic examination 0. There are two methods to test the specific gravity of bitumen a. Specific gravity of bituminous material is known as the proportion of mass of specified capacity of substance to the equivalent volume of water, temperature of. In effect, it tells how much heavier or lighter the material is than water.
Vital to the calculation of mix volumetric properties are specific gravity measurements of the mixture and the aggregate in the mixture. Referenced documents purchase separately the documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard. Building materials and construction, civil engineering multiple choice questions objective type questions, mcqs, with question and answers, download free pdf, civil engineering, multiple choice questions, objective type questions, civil engineering short notes, rapid fire notes, best theory. Oil sands geology and the properties of bitumen oil sands.
The principle is that it is the ratio of mass of a given volume of bitumen to the mass of an equal volume of water, both taken at a recordedspecified temperature. Bulk specific gravity of aggregate is important information for designing hma because it is used to calculate. This procedure covers the determination of the maximum specific gravity gmm of. Molecular weight and specific gravity distributions for. Basically, specific gravity defines that the substance is how much heavier than water or reference substance of the same volume. Exp 9 specific gravity of bitumen civil engineers pk. The standard specific gravity test is carried out at a temperature of 250c. Bitumen 80100 is used as a binder of mineral aggregates in asphalt concrete and hot laid plant mix for highways, airports, parking areas, driveways and curbs. Density specific gravity an overview sciencedirect topics.
Specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate to the weight of an equal volume of water. How to test specific gravity of bitumen atdm co ltd. There are many methods available for mix design which vary in the size of the test specimen, compaction, and other test specifications. Bulk specific gravity is defined as the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate, including the permeable and impermeable voids in the particles, to the weight of an equal volume of water. Marshall method of mix design is the most popular one and is discussed. Determining specific gravity of bitumen civil engineering.
Materials that have a lower specific gravity are lower boiling point thus one of the first applications of this parameter has been using it for the distillation of crude oil. Jan 22, 2020 the aggregates, mineral fillers, bitumen asphalt cement, tar cement, or emulsified asphalt as appropriateand bituminous pavi products shall d33515 sampled, and undergo sieve analysis and other forms of test methods as appropriate asym extracting bitumen content, specific gravity, plasticity index, astm d x astm d particles, recovery of. Aggregates having low specific gravity are generally weaker than those with high specific gravity. Aggregates in sma should resist degradation fracture and abrasion under high stresses at the contact points. Determination of the specific gravity of micro quantities of bituminous substances by rodney edgerton cox a dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy major subject. Jan 22, 2018 specific gravity test of bitumen 22 jan 2018 10 sep 2018 aim. Astm d70 97 standard test method for specific gravity and.
1058 108 1410 190 212 1377 1394 1394 1254 677 1261 1071 484 788 484 630 156 1069 532 1148 660 587 378 1146 845 1228 36 425 1164 188 1472 307 1212 527